What are the types of stormwater pollution?

The types of stormwater pollution primarily include items such as sediment, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and nutrients. Sediment is a significant pollutant often washed into water systems during rainfall, leading to habitat degradation and water quality issues. BOD refers to the amount of oxygen required by microorganisms to decompose organic matter in water; high BOD levels indicate pollution and can deplete oxygen available for aquatic life. Nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, can lead to algal blooms in water bodies, which can harm ecosystems and create dead zones where aquatic life cannot survive.

This option reflects a comprehensive understanding of common contaminants associated with stormwater runoff. In contrast, the other choices contain pollutants that are less representative of primary stormwater pollution issues. While heavy metals, bacteria, oils, and plastic waste are all problematic concerning environmental health, option C specifically captures the most prevalent and critical types of stormwater pollution impacting water quality and ecosystem health.